artarch2final

Back to Home Page =Summary:=  Roman architecture was a fantastic advancement that took the architecture of the time, and improved it to its maximum potentional. These Ancient Roman styles are still used today in buildings such as the [|U.S. Supreme Court] (Washington) which highly resembles the  [|Pantheon]. Rome took the post and lintel style of the time and altered/changed it so buildings could hold so much more weight. These improved styles became known as columns, and arches. Not only had the ideas of Roman architecture advanced building, but it also helped the success of Rome. Each specific structure, such as temples and basilicas, served a role and helped the empire succeed by advancing things such as transportation and communication. Not only did artists and builders construct and design these magnificent pieces ( [|for entertainment] ), emperors also created things such as temples and  [|victory arches]. When an emperor creates something such as a temple, it signifies that that specific emperor was dedicated to the traditional customs of Rome. For example, the [|Colosseum] was built by Vespasian, who was the emperor at the time. 

Arches were heavily used in Roman architecture and can be found in almost any building.  The arch is considered to be one of Rome’s greatest architectural contributions. The arch has extremely spectacular structural support, and looks very appealing. The idea of arches eventually lead into major advancements such as domes, aqueducts, bridges, and pathways.  <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">An aqueduct is a long system of tiered arches that runs from a source of water, to a town. The [|aqueduct]<span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);"> was built with large arches on the bottom tier, next smaller arches that were stacked on top, and then a final, smallest tier that had a trough cut out and lined with lead. Water would then flow from the mountain springs to the villages pulled by gravity. Along with aqueducts, domes were also a very popular advancement that came after arches and columns. Although, Domes were mainly used in religious buildings to allow the space needed for religious ceremonies and statues. <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">The [|Pantheon]<span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);"> was the largest dome built.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[|Columns]<span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);"> were a very dominate part of Roman architecture and were used to their full potential. The Roman's adapted some of the Greeks architectural styles, including columns. There were three main types of columns. [|Doric, Ionic, and Cornithian]<span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">. The first and most basic type was the Doric style, which had no base and was not as detailed as the later styles. These basic columns were used in government buildings. Then, came the slightly more elaborate type of column; the Ionic style. This column had decorative scrolls at the top and bottom and was used in religious buildings. It was also more detailed and decorative than the Doric style with a continuous frieze running the whole length. The last main style was the Cornithian Style. The Cornithian style was very similar to the Ionic style but, instead of having a carved scroll at the top, this style of column had a Canthis. A Canthis appears like leaves and flowers with decorative swirls and patterns engraved into them. Instead of only using one type of column per building, the Romans used multiple. For example, each tier of the Coliseum's arches has different style columns. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> All of these amazing ideas were not just created in thin air. Instead, Roman architecture was highly influenced by the Greeks and the Etruscans. They used the Etruscan ideas of concrete, and the arch, to build many amazing pieces such as aqueducts, insulae, the Parthenon, and the Colosseum. These buildings represented the Roman mindset; strength and endurance was more important then beauty and grace.

In the system of give and take, the Roman architecture also influenced many major cities. One example would be in Paris. More specifically, the Vendome Column. This column was based off of the Column of Trajan. Not only had Paris used the wonderful ideas of the Romans, but also the Americans. The U.S. Supreme Court (Washington) was also very much based off of Roman Architecture. The characteristics matched up to the Roman temples; being raised on a podium, a formal front staircase approaching the building, the columns only being in the front of the building, and white marble on the outside. Not only had these structures served a purpose, but they also helped with the advancement of the empire and the later cities that came after it.

Roman architecture was some of the most advanced of it's time. Using adopted knowledge from the Greek's and Etruscan's, the Roman's built some of the worlds most famous buildings such as the Parthenon and Coliseum. Many of today's government buildings are influenced by the practical mindset and style of Roman architecture. <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span style="color: rgb(26,0,255);"><span style="color: rgb(41,35,42);"> =Bibliography:=

Primary:
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1. "Pantheon." [Online Image] Available //Britanica N/A// <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/14/9714-004-34D00E13.jpg <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November 20, 2008. 2. "US Supreme Court." [Online Image] Available <http://media.kspr.com/images/US%20Supreme%20Court.jpg>November 20, 2008. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">3. "Victory Arch." [Online Image] //webshots// 1997. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http://image64.webshots.com/64/1/0/82/2776100820085063946NgonqZ_fs.jpg> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">November 24, 2008. 4. "Ancient Roman Theaters." [Online Image] Available <http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Arts/Architec/AncientArchitectural/RomanArchitecture/Romanmonuments/AncientRomanTheaters/AncientRomanTheaters.htm> November 24, 2008. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">5. "Roman Colosseum." [Online Image] //Iho-Ohi// May 2007. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.iho-ohi.org/wp-content/concrete-roman-colosseum.jpg > November 20, 2008. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">6. "Aqueduct." [Online Image] M//as Jasmin// N/A. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.masjasmin.com/images/Region%20Page%20Pont-du-gard%20Roman%20aqueduct.jpg> November 20, 2008 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> 7. "Interior of Pantheon" [Online Image] Available <http://static.monolithic.com/thedome/pantheon/pan08x.jpg> November 24, 2008.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> 8. "Doric, Ionic, and Cornithian Columns." [Online Image] Available <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">//University of Richmond// 1995. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/education/projects/webunits/greecerome/columns.jpeg <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November 24, 2008 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">

Secondary:
<span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1. Funk, Nancy. Architecture Roman. 21 July 2000. 2008 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http://egghead.psu.edu/~ma_tapps/arch/roman.html <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November. Information about arches and what they can be used for. <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">2. Kids, History For. Roman Architecture. 30 April 2008. 2008 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/romans/architecture/romarch.htm <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November. A long informational summary about all Roman architecture. <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">3. Roman Power/ Architecture. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/arth200/politics/roman_architecture.html <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November. A summary on all aspects of roman architecture <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">4. UNRV. Roman Architecture. 2008. 2008 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http://www.unrv.com/culture/architecture.php> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">November. Information about columns, arches and cement. Basically influences on Roman architecture.

Primary:
<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Slide 1:** "Rome." [Online Image] //kataweb// 1999. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://mrblogrome.blog.kataweb.it/files/2008/04/the-pomerium-of-rome.jpg> November 20, 2008. Image of Agora. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">  **Slide 2:** "Victory Arch" [Online Image] Available <http://image64.webshots.com/64/1/0/82/2776100820085063946NgonqZ_fs.jpg> November. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">  **Slide 6:** "Aqueduct." [Online Image] M//as Jasmin// N/A. <http://www.masjasmin.com/images/Region%20Page%20Pont-du-gard%20Roman%20aqueduct.jpg> November 20, 2008 "Coliseum." [Online Image] Available <http://www.tour-europe.org/media/italy/rome/medi/The_Coliseum-r.jpg> November. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Slide 8:** <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Insulae." [Online Image] //Al's Travels// 2004. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.als-travels.com/Italy/Images/CampidoglioRomanInsula.jpg> November 24, 2008. **Slide 9:** "Pantheon." [Online Image] Available //Britanica N/A//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/14/9714-004-34D00E13.jpg <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November 20, 2008. "US Supreme Court." [Online Image] Available <http://media.kspr.com/images/US%20Supreme%20Court.jpg>November 20, 2008
 * Slide 3:** "Doric, Ionic, and Cornithian Columns." [Online Image] Available <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">//University of Richmond// 1995.  <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/education/projects/webunits/greecerome/columns.jpeg <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">> November 24, 2008.
 * Slide 4:** <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Interior of Pantheon." [Online Image] //Fr. Gary Coulter// N/A. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.frcoulter.com/pics/vacation/rome3/IM000554.jpg> November 24, 2008.
 * Slide 5:** <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Dome." [Online Image] //Monolithic Dome Institute// NA. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://static.monolithic.com/thedome/pantheon/pan08x.jpg> November 24, 2008. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Image of the inside of the Dome of the Pantheon.
 * Slide 7:** <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Bath house." [Online Image] //bath360// N/A. < <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.bath360.co.uk/history/roman-baths.jpg> November 24, 2008.

=Presentation:=

=Jeopardy Game:= <span style="color: rgb(13,35,242);"><span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">  <span style="color: rgb(26,0,255);"><span style="color: rgb(41,35,42);">